docs: shares_outstanding wording + staged-representation terminology

Review items 3-4 on the plan doc:

- Replace remaining "diluted shares" (the share *count*) with point-in-time
  shares_outstanding (dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding) across schema,
  metrics catalog and market-cap note. "diluted EPS" is left as-is (correctly a
  duration fact). Adds the multi-class rule: derive the issuer-wide count from
  the consolidated cover-page figure OR by summing class-specific facts (GOOG +
  GOOGL) — never both, to avoid double counting.
- The framework stages into a representation *outside the live tables* (in-memory
  for workstream A; a file/table handle is fine if B needs it), not physical
  "staging tables" — wording now matches the implementation.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs/dolt-integration-plan.md

@@ -97,7 +97,11 @@ record the conclusion in this doc.
   them, not as derived quarters:** duration facts (revenue, net income, diluted EPS,
   CFO, capex, EBITDA inputs) retain the filing's normalized **cumulative YTD/FY**
   value for the (period_start → period_end) span; balance-sheet facts (cash+ST
-  investments, total debt, diluted shares) are **period-end** values. **Nothing
+  investments, total debt, shares outstanding) are **period-end** values.
+  ``shares_outstanding`` is a point-in-time count
+  (``dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding``), not the weighted-average diluted
+  share count — both consumers (est. market cap, YoY dilution) want a
+  point-in-time value. **Nothing
   derived is frozen into a row:** discrete quarters (10-Q YTD deltas, Q4 = FY −
   Q1..Q3), TTM, YoY and the quarter-tape series are all computed **at read time** by
   picking the newest valid accepted_at snapshot for *each* required period — so
@@ -128,7 +132,9 @@ record the conclusion in this doc.
 ## Import framework
 
 Every importer: idempotent per revision (same Dolt commit / archive checksum →
-`no_op`, zero row changes); staging tables first; promotion in one transaction;
+`no_op`, zero row changes); stage into a representation outside the live tables
+first (in-memory for the small workstream-A sources; a file/table handle is fine
+if workstream B ever needs it); promotion in one transaction;
 safe to retry; a failed or unchanged run leaves the current dataset untouched.
 Record every attempt in `data_import_runs`.
 
@@ -193,7 +199,7 @@ Workstream A:
   cached fundamental scores stale. **Sources differ per field** — do not assume all
   five come from SEC: `pe_ratio` and `market_cap` from the newest valid snapshots ×
   latest PostgreSQL close, each with its own formula — `pe_ratio` = latest close /
-  TTM diluted EPS; `market_cap` = issuer-wide diluted shares × latest close;
+  TTM diluted EPS; `market_cap` = issuer-wide shares outstanding × latest close;
   `revenue_growth` from the snapshots alone; `earnings_surprise` and
   `next_earnings_date` from `earnings_events` (the Dolt earnings feed — these two do
   not exist in SEC facts). Before activation the job imports snapshots only
@@ -234,16 +240,19 @@ that scoring already reads, refreshed daily by step (c) after activation.
 | FCF margin | (TTM CFO − capex) / revenue | snapshot |
 | Net cash / net debt | cash + ST investments − total debt | snapshot |
 | Net debt / EBITDA | net debt / TTM EBITDA | snapshot |
-| Share count Δ YoY | diluted shares vs year ago | snapshot |
+| Share count Δ YoY | shares outstanding vs year ago | snapshot |
 | Trailing P/E | price / TTM diluted EPS | request time |
 | FCF yield | TTM FCF / est. market cap | request time |
-| Est. market cap | issuer-wide diluted shares × ticker price | request time |
+| Est. market cap | issuer-wide shares outstanding × ticker price | request time |
 | Earnings surprise history | last 4+ from `earnings_events` | query |
 
-**Market cap is an estimate** (issuer-wide diluted shares × one ticker's price —
-approximate for multi-class issuers). Label it "est." in the UI and round
-aggressively rather than withholding it; false precision is the failure mode, not
-the approximation.
+**Market cap is an estimate** (issuer-wide shares outstanding × one ticker's price —
+approximate for multi-class issuers). For a multi-class issuer, derive the
+issuer-wide share count **either** from the consolidated cover-page figure **or**
+by summing the class-specific `dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding` facts
+(GOOG + GOOGL) — **never both**, or the count double-counts. Label it "est." in the
+UI and round aggressively rather than withholding it; false precision is the failure
+mode, not the approximation.
 
 **Units follow existing app conventions:** percentages are percentage points
 (21.0 = 21%), P/E and net-debt/EBITDA are multiples, market cap and net debt are